The intelligence of cephalopods

Octopuses have a fascinating nervous system, with much of their brain essentially distributed throughout their body. In fact, two-thirds of an octopus's neurons are located in its arms, not in its central brain.

In addition to having ‘brains in their arms,’ octopuses have a remarkable nervous control over their skin.Specialized cells in their skin, like chromatophores, allow them to change color for camouflage or communication, and this process is controlled by the peripheral nervous system, primarily located in their arms.

 cephalopods have evolved a unique and amazing form of intelligence, which scientists are just beginning to understand and appreciate. Cephalopods display their intelligence in many creative ways, including camouflage

HOW DO CEPHALOPODS USE CAMOUFLAGE?

Octopus

They just adopt the same environment as of their surroundings to protect themselves from predators. Using three types of skin cells (called chromophores, iridophores and leucophore on their body. Octopus can change color of their body in a blink of an eye not only octopus but cuttlefish also have specialized skin cell in their body called papillae which help it to change its body color when it is needed.

They are enough clever to escape when they see danger cuttlefish can hold its breath which lower down the electrical activity in their body so that it decreases their chances of being detected by predators who uses electroreception for hunting its prey. It is amazing defensive methods seen in cuttlefish

cuttlefish

Learning and Memory:

 Cephalopods can learn from experience and have both short-term and long-term memory. They can remember solutions to problems and adapt their behavior based on past interactions.

Tool Use:

 Some cephalopods, particularly octopuses, have been observed using tools, such as coconut shells, to build shelters, a behavior that demonstrates forward planning.

Problem-Solving Skills:

 Cephalopods can solve puzzles, navigate mazes, and manipulate objects to achieve goals. For example, octopuses have been observed opening jars to retrieve food inside.